Application of humic acid sodium as special deodorant for garbage dump

With the increasing frequency of human production activities, various types of garbage, such as landfills, toilets, breeding farms, slaughterhouses, etc., will produce various foul odors and seriously pollute the environment. In today's society with increasingly high requirements for environmental quality, it is urgent to effectively and quickly deodorize these large-scale odor sources.

Firstly, we analyze the root causes of odor generation in landfills, livestock farms, and other areas. These odors are mainly generated by the decay and decomposition of organic components in the waste, which is generally divided into three stages: the first stage is the hydrolysis and acidification stage, the second stage is the methane generation stage, and the third stage, where most of the degradable organic matter is converted into NH3 and C02 and released into the air.

The main components of the first category include methane and carbon dioxide.

The second category includes odorous gases such as H2S, NH3, and S02. H2S is a colorless, irritating, and suffocating toxic gas. NH3 poses great harm to humans. S02 is a colorless and pungent toxic gas.

The third category is trace components, such as organic acids, sugars, and compounds containing sulfur and nitrogen, which are highly toxic and pose a serious threat to human health.

Next, we will analyze the principle why sodium humate can be used as a deodorant. Humic acid sodium deodorant is a product extracted from peat, lignite and weathered coal by reaction with sodium hydroxide. It is soluble in water, alkaline, and contains carboxyl, phenolic hydroxyl and other active groups. Humic acid is a kind of natural organic macromolecular compound, which is generally considered to be a complex and heterogeneous complex of hydroxybenzoic acid with an average molecular weight of 1000-1400. Its main constituent elements are: carbon C, oxygen 0, hydrogen H, nitrogen N, and sulfur S.

From the physical properties of humic acid, it has colloidal properties, which plays a great role in using it as a deodorant. When electrolytes are added, the stability of humic acid colloid will be destroyed, so that its particles will flocculate and produce flocculating precipitation. It is a flocculant. From the chemical properties of humic acid, humic acid is a kind of macromolecular weak acid with complex structure and multiple functional groups. It can combine with potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium and ammonium to form corresponding humic acid salts. It has strong ion exchange ability and can remove harmful heavy metal ions in contact with pollutants. What's more, humic acid molecule contains benzene ring, fused ring and various heterocycles, which are connected by bridge bonds, and carboxyl, hydroxyl, methoxy and amino groups are on the ring and branch chain, which determines that it has acidity, hydrophilicity, ion exchange, strong complexing, chelating and adsorption capabilities, and plays a special role in deodorization.

The following is the reaction process of humic acid salt as deodorant to remove ammonia, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide and other odor source substances in the odor:

1. Removal of NH3 and NH/:

Ammonia is in the form of NH3 and NH/, sodium humic acid contacts with ammonia in odor, and reacts to generate odorless ammonium salt dissolved in water,

2. Removal of nitrogen:

NO and N02 are the most important atmospheric pollutants in nitrogen oxides, while N02 is a corrosive gas with irritating and toxic properties. The gelation and adsorption of sodium humate aqueous solution allow N02 to dissolve in water and generate nitric acid and nitrite.

3. Removal of S02:

S02 is a colorless and irritating toxic gas, and its gaseous state is easily soluble in water. Due to the gelation and adsorption effects of deodorants, the deodorization effect is better.

4. Removal of H2S:

(1) The content of H2S is related to the composition of the landfill. When there is a large amount of organic matter present in the landfill and it decays, H2S will increase significantly. The sodium humic acid solution reacts with H2S to remove hydrogen sulfide.

(2) Hydrogen sulfide is removed through the adsorption property of humic acid: humic acid salt hydrolyzes in aqueous solution to form humic acid gel, humic acid reacts with iron ions in garbage to form colloidal sponge iron of humic acid iron salt, and hydrogen sulfide reacts with hydrated humic acid iron to form humic acid and insoluble iron sulfide. Humic acid and some metal ions can not only generate salts in a general way, but also form complexes or chelates with divalent and multivalent metal ions such as Cu "', Hg2+, Cd2+, Fe3+, Ge4+, U" through the oxygen-containing functional groups on the side chain. As long as H2S is present in the garbage, when metal ions meet with hydrogen sulfide, they quickly combine to form insoluble sulfide precipitates, which quickly and thoroughly remove harmful hydrogen sulfide gases.

3. Odor of trace gases: organic acids, sugars and compounds containing sulfur and nitrogen are produced during the decomposition of organic substances in garbage. These substances have certain active groups, and they are easily complexed or chelated with metal ions such as Fe3+, Mi, etc. Especially humic acid containing aromatic structure and rich in carboxyl group is a good complexing agent. Humic acid is negatively charged due to its main functional group, which can capture metal ions. In order to maintain the ionization balance, the insoluble metal compounds will be continuously dissociated, which may transform the metal from the insoluble compound state to humic acid salt in a long time, or firmly combine in the form of coordination compound chelate in humic acid, so that the odor emitted by the decomposed organic acids, sugars and sulfur and nitrogen heterocyclic compounds in the garbage can be removed.

In addition, humic acid in the hydrolysate of sodium humic acid is also a nutrient rich microbial nutrient base, which is a beneficial bacteria group. Contains beneficial microorganisms such as yeast, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, etc. The beneficial microbial liquid can play a role in removing environmental pollution. As long as beneficial microbial communities are induced and activated, it plays a very important role in the treatment of various pollutants.

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